From: Moreno, D., Neira, A., Dubreil, L., Liegeois, L., Destrumelle, S., Michaud, S., ... & Tainturier, D. (2015). In vitro bovine embryo production in a synthetic medium: Embryo development, cryosurvival, and establishment of pregnancy. Theriogenology, 84(7), 1053-1060.

The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro embryo culture medium without either fetal calf serum or BSA, using various growth factors and cytokines (GFs-CYKs; IGF-I, IGF-II, bFGF, LIF, GM-CSF, TGF-b1, and PDGF-BB), and other molecules with surfactant and embryotrophic properties, such as recombinant albumin (RA) and hyaluronan (HA).

Chemicals:
All chemicals were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France), unless otherwise specified. The GFs and CYKs (IGF-I, IGF-II, bFGF, LIF, TGF-b1, GM-CSF, and PDGF-BB) were human recombinants. Insulinlike growth factor I was solubilized using 0.1-M acetic acid at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Insulinlike growth factor II was solubilized using 1-M acetic acid at a concentration of 10 mg/
mL. Basic FGF was solubilized using PBS with 0.1% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at a concentration of 25 mg/mL. Leukemia inhibitory factor was solubilized using PBS with 0.1% PVP at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Transforming growth factor b1 was solubilized using 4-mMHCl at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor was solubilized using PBS with 0.1% PVP at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB was solubilized using sterile water for embryo transfer at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. They were all stored at -80 ºC.